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  • Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is a molecule that contains genetic information.
  • DNA molecules have two nucleotide strands that wind around one another to form double helix structure.
  • Each nucleotide strand has a backbone made of alternating sugar (deoxyribose) and phosphate groups.
  • Attached to each sugar is one of four nitrogenous bases: adenine (A), cytosine (C), guanine (G), and thymine (T)
  • These bases occur in pairs, where in Adenine is always bonded to Thymine with a 2-H bonds and Cytosine bonded to Guanine with 3-H bonds.
  • Prokaryotic cells do not have a defined nucleus hence the DNA is tightly coiled in the cytoplasm.

 

Figure: DNA double helix structure

 

 

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