CBNAAT Xpert MTB/RIF Assay/Cartridge

GeneXpert MTB/RIF Assay is also called Cartridge Based Nucleic Acid Technology (CBNAAT).

• This is a new test that is revolutionizing tuberculosis (TB) control by contributing to the rapid diagnosis of TB disease and drug resistance.
• The test simultaneously detects Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC) and resistance to rifampicin (RIF) in less than 2 hours.
• In comparison, standard cultures can take 2 to 6 weeks for MTBC to grow, and conventional drug resistance tests can add 3 more weeks.
• Additionally, the Xpert MTB/RIF assay can quickly identify possible multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB). MDR-TB is TB that is resistant to both isoniazid (INH) and RIF, two of the most effective TB drugs
• The information provided by the Xpert MTB/RIF assay aids in selecting treatment regimens and reaching infection control decisions quickly.
• Xpert MTB/RIF assay was endorsed by World Health Organization in 2010 for use in TB endemic countries and the National TB Elimination Program (NTEP) has adapted and expanded access to this technology in a decade.

How Does the Xpert MTB/RIF Assay Work?

• It uses a disposable cartridge with the GeneXpert Instrument System.
• A sputum sample is collected from the patient with suspected TB.
• The sputum is mixed with the reagent that is provided with the assay, and a cartridge containing this mixture is placed in the GeneXpert machine.
• All processing from this point on is fully automated.

Figure: Steps involved in specimen processing with GeneXpert MTB/RIF Assay

Resources

• GeneXpert MTB Rif Cepheid Manual

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