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The table below showcases the adverse drug events that may be caused by drugs used for longer oral Multi (M)/ Extensively Drug-resistant TB (XDR-TB) regimen. In these situations, replacement drugs are used instead of these drugs.

 

Table: Possible Adverse Drug Events in the Longer Oral M/XDR-TB Regimen
ADVERSE DRUG EVENTS DRUGS
QT prolongation  Bedaquiline (Bdq), Fluoroquinolone (FQ), Clofazimine (Cfz)
Rash, allergic reaction and anaphylaxis Any drug
Gastrointestinal symptoms Ethionamide (Eto), P-Aminosalicylic Acid (PAS), Pyrazinamide (Z), Ethambutol (E), Bdq, Cfz, Linezolid (Lzd), FQs
Diarrhoea and/or flatulence PAS, Eto
Hepatitis Z, Eto, PAS, Bdq
Giddiness Amikacin (Am), Eto, FQ and/or Z
Haematological abnormalities Lzd
Hypothyroidism Eto, PAS
Arthralgia Z, FQ, Bdq
Peripheral neuropathy Lzd, Cycloserine (Cs), Am, FQ, rarely Eto, E
Headache Bdq, Cs
Depression Cs, FQ, Eto
Psychotic symptoms Cs, Isoniazid (H), FQ
Suicidal ideation Cs, Eto
Seizures Cs, H, FQ
Tendonitis and tendon rupture FQ
Nephrotoxicity (renal toxicity) Am
Vestibular toxicity (tinnitus and dizziness Am, Cs, FQs, Eto, Lzd
Hearing loss Am
Optic neuritis E, Lzd, Eto, Cfz
Metallic taste Eto, FQs
Electrolyte disturbances (Hypokalaemia and Hypomagnesaemia Am
Gynaecomastia Eto
Alopecia Eto
Superficial fungal infection and thrush FQ
Lactic acidosis Lzd
Dysglycaemia and Hyperglycaemia Eto

 

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