Treatment Extension in Longer Oral M/XDR-TB Regimen

The total duration of a longer oral Multidrug/ Extensively drug-resistant TB (M/XDR-TB) regimen is 18–20 months. ​

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Figure: Protocol for Treatment Extension in Longer Oral M/XDR-TB Treatment Regimen

Extension of Bedaquiline (Bdq) beyond 6 months is to be considered in patients in whom an effective regimen cannot otherwise be designed.

• If any additional resistance to Group A, B or C drugs in use is detected, the patient needs to be reassessed at the Nodal/ District Drug-resistant Tuberculosis Centre (N/DDR-TBC) for modification of a longer oral M/XDR-TB regimen immediately on receiving the report.
• A treatment duration of 15–17 months after culture conversion is suggested for most patients. The duration may be modified according to the patient’s response to treatment.

Resources

• Guidelines for Programmatic Management of Drug-resistant Tuberculosis in India, March 2021. ​
• WHO Consolidated Guidelines on Tuberculosis: Module 4 – Treatment: Drug-resistant TB Treatment, 2020. 

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